The following bibliography contains citations for virtually every scientific paper published on mountain yellow-legged frogs (Rana muscosa, Rana sierrae), including all citations referenced in this website. Papers on which R. A. Knapp is an author are available here.
Adams, M. J., B. R. Hossack, R. A. Knapp, P. S. Corn, S. A. Diamond, P. C. Trenham, and D. B. Fagre. 2005. Distribution patterns of lentic-breeding amphibians in relation to ultraviolet radiation exposure in western North America. Ecosystems 8:488-500.
Armstrong, T. W., and R. A. Knapp. 2004. Response by trout populations in alpine lakes to an experimental halt to stocking. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61:2025-2037.
Bradford, D. F. 1983. Winterkill, oxygen relations, and energy metabolism of a submerged dormant amphibian, Rana muscosa. Ecology 64:1171-1183.
Bradford, D. F. 1984. Temperature modulation in a high-elevation amphibian, Rana muscosa. Copeia 1984:966-976.
Bradford, D. F. 1989. Allotopic distribution of native frogs and introduced fishes in high Sierra Nevada lakes of California: implication of the negative effect of fish introductions. Copeia 1989:775-778.
Bradford, D. F. 1991. Mass mortality and extinction in a high-elevation population of Rana muscosa. Journal of Herpetology 25:174-177.
Bradford, D. F., S. D. Cooper, T. M. Jenkins, Jr., K. Kratz, O. Sarnelle, and A. D. Brown. 1998. Influences of natural acidity and introduced fish on faunal assemblages in California alpine lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55:2478-2491.
Bradford, D. F., M. S. Gordon, D. F. Johnson, R. D. Andrews, and W. B. Jennings. 1994a. Acidic deposition as an unlikely cause for amphibian population declines in the Sierra Nevada, California. Biological Conservation 69:155-161.
Bradford, D. F., D. M. Graber, and F. Tabatabai. 1994b. Population declines of the native frog, Rana muscosa, in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California. Southwestern Naturalist 39:323-327.
Bradford, D. F., C. Swanson, and M. S. Gordon. 1992. Effects of low pH and aluminum on two declining species of amphibians in the Sierra Nevada, California. Journal of Herpetology 26:369-377.
Bradford, D. F., C. Swanson, and M. S. Gordon. 1994c. Effects of low pH and aluminum on amphibians at high elevation in the Sierra Nevada, California. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72:1272-1279.
Bradford, D. F., F. Tabatabai, and D. M. Graber. 1993. Isolation of remaining populations of the native frog, Rana muscosa, by introduced fishes in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California. Conservation Biology 7:882-888.
Briggs, C. J., V. T. Vredenburg, R. A. Knapp, and L. J. Rachowicz. 2005. Investigating the population-level effects of chytridiomycosis: an emerging infectious disease of amphibians. Ecology 86:3149–3159.
Camp, C. L. 1917. Notes on the systematic status of the toads and frogs of California. University of California Publications in Zoology 17:115-125.
Case, S. M. 1978. Electrophoretic variation in two species of ranid frogs, Rana boylei and R. muscosa. Copeia 1978:311-320.
Collins, J. P., and A. Storfer. 2003. Global amphibian declines: sorting the hypotheses. Diversity and Distributions 9:89-98.
Cory, L., P. Fjeld, and W. Serat. 1970. Distribution patterns of DDT residues in the Sierra Nevada mountains. Pesticides Monitoring Journal 3:204-211.
Datta, S., L. Hansen, L. McConnell, J. Baker, J. LeNoir, and J. N. Seiber. 1998. Pesticides and PCB contaminants in fish and tadpoles from the Kaweah River Basin, California. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 60:829-836.
Davidson, C. 2004. Declining downwind: amphibian population declines in California and historic pesticide use. Ecological Applications 14:1892-1902.
Davidson, C., and R. A. Knapp. 2007. Multiple stressors and amphibian declines: dual impacts of pesticides and fish on yellow-legged frogs. Ecological Applications 17:587-597.
Davidson, C., H. B. Shaffer, and M. R. Jennings. 2002. Spatial tests of the pesticide drift, habitat destruction, UV-B, and climate change hypotheses for California amphibian declines. Conservation Biology 16:1588-1601.
Drost, C. A., and G. M. Fellers. 1996. Collapse of a regional frog fauna in the Yosemite area of the California Sierra Nevada, USA. Conservation Biology 10:414-425.
Feldman, C. R., and J. A. Wilkinson. 2000. Rana muscosa (Mountain yellow-legged frog). Predation. Herpetological Review 31:102.
Fellers, G. M., D. F. Bradford, D. Pratt, and L. L. Wood. 2007. Demise of repatriated populations of mountain yellow-legged frogs (Rana muscosa) in the Sierra Nevada of California. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 2:5-21.
Fellers, G. M., D. E. Green, and J. E. Longcore. 2001. Oral chytridiomycosis in the mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa). Copeia 2001:945-953.
Fellers, G. M., L. L. McConnell, D. Pratt, and S. Datta. 2004. Pesticides in mountain yellow-legged frogs (Rana muscosa) from the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 23:2170-2177.
Finlay, J. C., and V. T. Vredenburg. 2007. Introduced trout sever trophic connections in watersheds: consequences for a declining amphibian. Ecology 88:2187-2198.
Goodman, J. D. 1989. Langeronia brenesi, new species (Trematoda: Lecithodendriidae) in the mountain yellow-legged frog Rana muscosa from southern California, USA. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 108:387-393.
Green, D. E., K. A. Converse, and A. K. Schrader. 2002. Epizootiology of sixty-four amphibian morbidity and mortality events in the USA, 1996-2001. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 969:323-339.
Grinnell, J., and T. I. Storer. 1924. Animal life in the Yosemite. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.
Jennings, M. R. 1996. Status of amphibians. Pages 921-944 in Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project: Final report to Congress. Volume II, Chapter 31. Centers for Water and Wildland Resources, University of California, Davis (available at ceres.ca.gov/snep/pubs/v2s3.html).
Jennings, M. R., and M. P. Hayes. 1994. Amphibian and reptiles species of special concern in California. California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, Rancho Cordova, California.
Jennings, W. B., D. F. Bradford, and D. F. Johnson. 1992. Dependence of the garter snake Thamnophis elegans on amphibians in the Sierra Nevada of California. Journal of Herpetology 26:503-505.
Kats, L. B., and R. P. Ferrer. 2003. Alien predators and amphibian declines: review of two decades of science and the transition to conservation. Diversity and Distributions 9:99-110.
Knapp, R. A. 1996. Non-native trout in natural lakes of the Sierra Nevada: an analysis of their distribution and impacts on native aquatic biota. Pages 363-407 in Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project: final report to Congress. Volume III, Chapter 8. Centers for Water and Wildland Resources, University of California, Davis (available at ceres.ca.gov/snep/pubs/v3.html).
Knapp, R. A. 2005. Effects of nonnative fish and habitat characteristics on lentic herpetofauna in Yosemite National Park, USA. Biological Conservation 121:265-279.
Knapp, R. A., D. M. Boiano, and V. T. Vredenburg. 2007. Removal of nonnative fish results in population expansion of a declining amphibian (mountain yellow-legged frog, Rana muscosa). Biological Conservation 135:11-20.
Knapp, R. A., P. S. Corn, and D. E. Schindler. 2001a. The introduction of nonnative fish into wilderness lakes: good intentions, conflicting mandates, and unintended consequences. Ecosystems 4:275-278.
Knapp, R. A., and K. R. Matthews. 1998. Eradication of nonnative fish by gill-netting from a small mountain lake in California. Restoration Ecology 6:207-213.
Knapp, R. A., and K. R. Matthews. 2000a. Nonnative fish introductions and the decline of the mountain yellow-legged frog from within protected areas. Conservation Biology 14:428-438.
Knapp, R. A., and K. R. Matthews. 2000b. Effects of nonnative fishes on wilderness lake ecosystems in the Sierra Nevada and recommendations for reducing impacts. Proceedings: Wilderness Science in a Time of Change. Proceedings RMRS-P-15-Vol. 5, pages 312-317. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
Knapp, R. A., K. R. Matthews, H. K. Preisler, and R. Jellison. 2003. Developing probabilistic models to predict amphibian site occupancy in a patchy landscape. Ecological Applications 13:1069-1082.
Knapp, R.A., K.R. Matthews, and O. Sarnelle. 2001b. Resistance and resilience of alpine lake fauna to fish introductions. Ecological Monographs, Ecological Monographs 71:401-421.
Knapp, R. A., and J. A. T. Morgan. 2006. Tadpole mouthpart depigmentation as an accurate indicator of chytridiomycosis, an emerging disease of amphibians. Copeia 2006:188-197.
Macey, J. R., J. L Stasburg, J. A. Brisson, V. T. Vredenburg, M. Jennings, and A. Larson. 2001. Molecular phylogenetics of western North American frogs of the Rana boylii species group. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 19:131-143.
Matthews, K. R. 2003. Response of mountain yellow-legged frogs, Rana muscosa, to short distance translocation. Journal of Herpetology 37:621-626.
Matthews, K. R., and R. A. Knapp. 1999. A study of high mountain lake fish stocking effects in Sierra Nevada Wilderness. International Journal of Wilderness 5:24-26.
Matthews, K. R., R. A. Knapp, and K. L. Pope. 2002. Garter snake distributions in high-elevation aquatic ecosystems: is there a link with declining amphibian populations and nonnative trout introductions? Journal of Herpetology 36:16-22.
Matthews, K. R., and C. Miaud. 2007. A skeletochronological study of the age structure, growth, and longevity of the mountain yellow-legged frog, Rana muscosa, in the Sierra Nevada, California. Copeia 2007:986-993.
Matthews, K. R., and K. L. Pope. 1999. A telemetric study of the movement patterns and habitat use of Rana muscosa, the mountain yellow-legged frog, in a high-elevation basin in Kings Canyon National Park, California. Journal of Herpetology 33:615-623.
Morgan, J. A. T., V. T. Vredenburg, L. J. Rachowicz, R. A. Knapp, M. J. Stice, T. Tunstall, R. E. Bingham, J. M. Parker, J. E. Longcore, C. Moritz, C. J. Briggs, and J. W. Taylor. 2007. Population genetics of the frog-killing fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 104:13845-13850.
Mullally, D. P., and J. D. Cunningham. 1956. Ecological relations of Rana muscosa at high elevations in the Sierra Nevada. Herpetologica 12:189-198.
Needham, P. R., and E. H. Vestal. 1938. Notes on growth of golden trout (Salmo agua-bonita) in two High Sierra lakes. California Fish and Game 24:273-279.
Ouellet, M., I. Mikaelian, B. D. Pauli, J. Rodrigue, and D. M. Green. 2005. Historical evidence of widespread chytrid infection in North American amphibian populations. Conservation Biology 19:1431-1440.
Pope, K. L. 1999a. Rana muscosa (Mountain yellow-legged frog). Diet. Herpetological Review 30:163-164.
Pope, K. L. 1999b. Mountain yellow-legged frog habitat use and movement patterns in a high elevation basin in Kings Canyon National Park. Master's thesis, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. 64 pp.
Pope, K. L., and K. R. Matthews. 2001. Movement ecology and seasonal distribution of mountain yellow-legged frogs, Rana muscosa, in a high-elevation Sierra Nevada basin. Copeia 101:787–793.
Pope, K. L., and K. R. Matthews. 2002. Influence of anuran prey on the condition and distribution of Rana muscosa in the Sierra Nevada. Herpetologica 58:354-363.
Richards, L. P. 1958. Some locality records of Yosemite herps. Yosemite Nature Notes 37:118-126.
Rachowicz, L. J. 2002. Mouthpart pigmentation in Rana muscosa tadpoles: seasonal changes without chytridiomycosis. Herpetological Review 33:263-265.
Rachowicz, L. J., and C. J. Briggs. 2007. Quantifying the disease transmission function: effects of density on Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis transmission in the mountain yellow-legged frog Rana muscosa. Journal of Animal Ecology 76:711-721.
Rachowicz, L. J., R. A. Knapp, J. A. T. Morgan, M. J. Stice, V. T. Vredenburg, J. M. Parker, and C. J. Briggs. 2006. Emerging infectious disease as a proximate cause of amphibian mass mortality. Ecology 87:1671-1683.
Rachowicz, L. J., and V. T. Vredenburg. 2004. Transmission of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis within and between amphibian life stages. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 61:75-83.
Rollins-Smith, L. A., D. C. Woodhams, L. K. Reinert, V. T. Vredenburg, C. J. Briggs, P. F. Nielsen, and J. Michael Conlon. 2006. Antimicrobial peptide defenses of the mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa). Developmental and Comparative Immunology 30:831-842.
Sparling, D. W., G. M. Fellers, and L. L. McConnell. 2001. Pesticides and amphibian population declines in California, USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 20:1591-1595.
Stebbins, R. C. 2003. A field guide to western reptiles and amphibians. Third edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts.
Stebbins, R. C., and N. W. Cohen. 1995. A natural history of amphibians. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
Vredenburg, V. 2000. Rana muscosa (Mountain yellow-legged frog). Egg predation. Herpetological Review 31:170-171.
Vredenburg, V. T. 2002. The effects of introduced trout and ultraviolet radiation on anurans in the Sierra Nevada. Ph.D. Thesis. University of California, Berkeley.
Vredenburg, V. T. 2004. Reversing introduced species effects: Experimental removal of introduced fish leads to rapid recovery of a declining frog. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 101:7646-7650.
Vredenburg, V. T., R. Bingham, R. Knapp, J. A. T. Morgan, C. Moritz, and D. Wake. 2007. Concordant molecular and phenotypic data delineate new taxonomy and conservation priorities for the endangered mountain yellow-legged frog. Journal of Zoology 271:361-374.
Vredenburg, V. T., G. M. Fellers, and C. Davidson. 2005. The mountain yellow-legged frog (Rana muscosa). Pages 563-566 in M. J. Lanoo, editor. Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.
Vredenburg, V. T., and A. P. Summers. 2001. Field identification of chytridiomycosis in Rana muscosa (Camp 1915). Herpetological Review 32:151-152.
Woodhams, D. C., V. T. Vredenburg, M. A. Simon, D. Billheimer, B. Shakhtour, Y. Shyr, C. J. Briggs, L. A. Rollins-Smith, and R. N. Harris. 2007. Symbiotic bacteria contribute to innate immune defenses of the threatened mountain yellow-legged frog, Rana muscosa. Biological Conservation 138:390-398.
Wright, A. H., and A. A. Wright. 1949. Handbook of frogs and toads of the United States and Canada. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
Yoon, D. 1977. The effect of introduced fish on the amphibian life in Westfall Meadow. Yosemite Nature Notes 46:69-70.
Zweifel, R. G. 1955. Ecology, distribution, and systematics of frogs of the Rana boylei group. University of California Publications in Zoology 54:207-292.
